Firewalls

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Using a firewall is an important first line of defense against network-borne threats to your computer. This section covers questions and answers relating to both hardware and software firewalls, why you need one and when you might not.

Do I need a firewall, and if so, what kind?

Firewalls are a critical component of keeping your machine safe on the internet. There are two basic types, but which is right for you?

Does my router have a firewall or not?

Most routers both do, and do not, have a firewall. The good news is that the protection offered by a router's firewall is often exactly what you need.

How can I tell if my computer's been accessed by someone else, and how do I prevent it?

Internet security is normally about keeping us safe from the internet - but what if the risks and threats are in our home and on our own local network?

How do I change my router's password?

Changing your router's password is important, but the steps aren't always obvious. I'll walk through changing my router's password.

How secure am I on a VPN?

Connecting to a VPN can introduce risks as you expose your machine to others on that same VPN. Fortunately it's easy to increase your personal security.

I can't pass a firewall test, what should I do?

Firewall tests can be useful to identify any holes in your security. Rather than relying on simple Pass/Fail, though, examine the results carefully.

I use Internet Connection Sharing and someone was able to see my main computer - why?

Internet Connection Sharing allows you to share the internet connection of one computer among several others. There are risks if not set up properly.

Is an outbound firewall needed?

Many software firewalls will alert you on suspicious outbound connections. The biggest problem is that if correct, by then it's too late.

Is it ok to have more than one firewall?

Firewalls can do a good job protecting you from internet threats, but having too many of the wrong kind can cause conflicts.

Should I disconnect my modem cable when I'm not using my computer?

It's typically not necessary, or even desirable, to disconnect your modem when not in use, but there are steps you should take to stay safe.

So do I need the Windows Firewall or not?

You do need a firewall and particularly if you aren't behind a router the Windows Firewall is one option.

To whom do I report these IP addresses attempting to hack my computer?

It's not at all uncommon for random attacks to reach our computers and try to break in. That's why a firewall is needed.

Use a Firewall

What are these access attempts in my router log?

Any device sitting on the internet is subject to a constant stream of "internet background noise". It's why you really want to be behind a firewall.

What's a firewall, and how do I set one up?

A firewall is critical to keeping your internet-connected computer safe. We'll review what a firewall is and the two different types of firewalls.

Why are processes listening to closed ports on my firewall?

A firewall will prevent malicious and other messages from reaching your computer, but it won't stop your computer's software from listing for them.

Why do these firewall tests say I've failed? Should I be worried?

For various reasons firewall vulnerability tests can be alarming. Issues they report can be actual problems, or not, depending on your situation.

Why is my firewall software alerting me to a connection attempt from an address like 192.168.1.1?

Firewall software can help protect against remote intrusion attempts, as well as outgoing attempts. 192.168 addresses give a clue as to the source.