How can I keep my email safe from sniffing?

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Summary: We'll look at what sniffing is and ways to avoid it.

I recently heard of a scenario where an individual was able to "sniff" or listen in to the wireless network traffic within range and from that, determine the account name, server and passwords from everyone who happened to check email while he was looking.

Scary huh?

And every time you use public internet facilities and hotspots, you may be at risk.

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The simplest solution is to use webmail, making sure that it's on an "https", secure, connection. That's encrypted and safe from any sniffers that happen to see it.

But for many of us, that's not as optimal as we'd like. We'd like to keep using our regular email program and POP3/IMAP/SMTP servers.

Enter "SSH Tunneling".

Now, one of the requirements for SSH tunneling is that you have SSH (Secure SHell) access to your mail server. If you do not (and if you don't know, you probably don't), you can stop reading now. Check with your ISP if you like, to see if you can get it, but this technique relies on SSH being available on your server.

The good news is that once you have SSH access, there's no further server-side configuration.

In short, the technique works like this:

• Using your SSH client or other tools, set up a "tunnel" for ports 25 and 110 on your machine to those same ports on your mail server. This does require that the client or tool be kept running.
• configure your mail client to send to and fetch from "localhost" instead of your mail server.

That's really all there is to it.

Let's walk through the details for Windows users.

Start by grabbing the free SSH client and tools called PuTTY. Get the ZIP file that contains all the tools, because we'll be using more than just the PuTTY client.

One of the tools is called "plink". In a command shell, run the following:

plink -v -L 110:mailserver:110 -L 25:mailserver:25 -2 you@mailserver -N -pw yourpassword

Where:

• -v: verbose - optional, but it will show you what plink is doing setting up the tunnel, and as long as the tunnel is active.
• -L 110:mailserver:110: defines a tunnel of port 110 on your local machine to go to port 110 on the mailserver. Port 110 is the POP3 mail service. You would replace "mailserver" with the name of your pop3 server.
• -L 25:mailserver:25: defines a tunnel of port 25 on your local machine to port 25 on the mailserver. Port 25 is the outgoing SMTP mail port. Again, you would replace "mailserver" with the name of your pop3 server.
• -2: force ssh v2 protocol only. Optional, but slightly more secure. Use it unless your remote server doesn't support it.
• you@mailserver: your ssh login account name @ your mailserver.
• -N: no shell. Normally plink will also open up an interactive shell. For our purposes here we don't need one.
• -pw yourpassword: your password for your ssh login account name. You can also leave this off to be prompted instead.

Leave plink running once it connects.

Now, in your email client (Outlook, Eudora, whatever), change both the POP3 and SMTP servers to "localhost".

You're done.

Here's what happens now: when you reload your email client, it will attempt to, for example, fetch POP3 mail from "localhost, port 110". Plink is listening to port 110 on your local machine, encrypts the data and sends it to the ssh server running on the mail server. There, the ssh server decrypts the data, and forwards it on to port 110 on the mail server. Data coming back is handled similarly, as is the SMTP port 25 conversation we defined as well.

A couple of additional notes...

You can tunnel other protocols (like mySql, imap, etc...) by adding "-L port:server:port" parameters to the plink line.

You can perform the port forwarding in PuTTY itself, the interactive client if you like - there is a section in the options for that, and it can be saved with the profile for that connection.

Remember that while your email is configured to use "localhost" as the mail server, the tunnel must be running (the plink command must be active). If it is not, email will fail.

There's technically nothing wrong with using this all the time. Still, what I've done in Outlook is to clone a separate profile that I can select at Outlook startup. So when I'm at home using my own secure network, the connections are direct and unencrypted as before. When traveling, I start the tunnel, and select the profile that uses it.

Other SSH clients do support tunneling though not all. PuTTY is free, and works well for me.

Related:

• Ask Leo! - Can hackers see data going to and from my computer?

• Ask Dave Taylor - SSH Tunnels? How do I use an ssh tunnel to secure my email? - Dave shows how to set up an SSH tunnel with Microsoft Entourage on the Mac.

Article C2341 - April 25, 2005