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My machine had slowed to a crawl. Why? Windows was "helping"!

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Transcript

This is Leo Notenboom for askleo.info.

Yesterday my primary desktop machine was acting a little sluggish when I got up, but a forced reboot seems to have cleared it up. Stuff happens.

This morning that machine was so slow as to be effectively useless. It took a full 10 minutes for Process Explorer to load and display.

As many people tell me when they report problems, I hadn't done anything new or different or out of the ordinary prior to the problem - it just came out of nowhere.

To make a long (and slow) story short, the problem boiled down to this: the transfer mode on my hard drive had been switched from Ultra-DMA mode to very slow and CPU-intensive PIO mode. (Now if you don't know what those mean, that's fine, I'll throw links in the show notes.) Why did this happen? Windows was trying to be helpful. Apparently if it sees enough errors on the drive it does this. Apparently "enough errors" can happen relatively easily even on a properly working drive.

The solution? To uninstall the disk controller driver and reboot, allowing Windows to re-detect the hardware and reinstall the driver, hopefully with the correct default setting of Ultra-DMA.

The scenario bothers me for a couple of reasons:

  1. Aside from the performance issue, it was completely silent. There should have been notifications or an option to control what was going on.

  2. The approach required to "undo" it is obscure, to say the least. A fair amount of Googling (on another machine) lead me to the answer. Once understood, this should have been a easily accessible user setting.

But my rant here isn't so much about the design or process that lead to this situation. I totally get how software evolves, particularly software designed to interface with hardware that's also evolving. And I understand that good error handling is sometimes the most difficult and most commonly overlooked aspect of software development.

My concern is this: with 30 years of computing experience under my belt, it still took me significant time to make some educated guesses about what might be happening, search the internet, interpret and evaluate the results, and then interpret and perform the recommended solutions.

What's an average user supposed to do?

I'd love to hear what you think. Visit askleo.info and enter 11892 in the go to article number box to access the show notes, the transcript and to leave me a comment. While you're there, browse over 1,200 technical questions and answers on the site.

Till next time, I'm Leo Notenboom, for askleo.info.

Article C3171 - October 7, 2007

Leo Leo A. Notenboom has been playing with computers since he was required to take a programming class in 1976. An 18 year career as a programmer at Microsoft soon followed. After "retiring" in 2001, Leo started Ask Leo! in 2003 as a place for answers to common computer and technical questions. More about Leo.

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Recent Comments
10 Comments

Hi_Leo
A very set of comprehensive answers for this(PIO) problem. If I ever get it these should help
elwaltura

Posted by: Walter Earnshaw at October 12, 2007 7:27 PM

thanks Leo, I had a similar issue with my optical drive a couple of years ago. Windows reverted to PIO mode for the optical drive after having trouble auto starting a CD from a well known PC mag.
The result was a drive that wouldn't play audio CD's without stuttering I got on the phone with HP and talked to a clueless "tech" for over an hour and finaly was told the drive was defective and needed to be replaced. I was close to boxing up the machine (a laptop) when I stumbled on the problem and fix by googling it. All I had to do was reset the drive to "Ultra DMA if available" and all was well. Again thanks for the info.

Posted by: Frank Golden at October 13, 2007 1:03 AM

We had this one on our radio show awhile back. We got a few calls in a month to the studio with the problem and it took us awhile to figure it out. It's a good thing for a tech to know about.

Posted by: TechTAK at October 13, 2007 3:53 PM

Like other folk, I came across this PIO prob on my DVD drive. The writing in particular slowed down by a factor of 2 or more and NERO actually gave up on a couple of occasions. What is worse, I believe, is that the change to PIO becomes irreversible after Windows thinks it has detected 5 separate occasions when the DVD drive caused errors (or potential errors). No amount of un-installing would get the DMA mode back. I got around this by physically (ie screws an stuff) installing a borrowed DVD drive then re-installing my own, apparently this wipes windows memory and it starts to re-count. Incidentally, un-installing the ATA/ATAPI device to which the DVD is attached also works to recover DMA but this too has a 5 count.
Dave

Posted by: Dave at October 14, 2007 8:10 AM

Solution:
edit registry ResetErrorCountersOnSuccess=1 (KB817472)
IDE ATA and ATAPI disks use PIO mode after multiple time-out or CRC errors occur
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/817472/en-us

and install hotfix
An IDE device runs in PIO mode instead of in DMA mode after you update the firmware for the device in Windows XP
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/920918/en-us
download at
http://thehotfixshare.net

Posted by: Vraana at November 24, 2007 12:40 PM
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